How do we help map the journey from novice to expertise in our classrooms? As subject specialists, we work within our discipline with deep, mental structures of knowledge. What are the most fundamental ideas that this knowledge is organised around and how do we go about facilitating our students’ familiarity with them? This presentation offers ways to identify the most important concepts in Language and Literature, Design subjects, the Arts and Humanities as well as considerations around sequencing them across the secondary curriculum.